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1.
Surg. cosmet. dermatol. (Impr.) ; 14: 2022;14:e20220034, jan.-dez. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1412344

ABSTRACT

Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura narrativa, sobre a associação de enxerto de gordura e transplante de cabelos com a técnica FUE (Follicular Unit Extraction) em cicatrizes do couro cabeludo. Os dados foram coletados a partir de estudos encontrados nas bases Medline, Lilacs e IBECS. Foram citados registros bibliográficos de vários autores que pesquisaram as células mesenquimais do tecido gorduroso, com descrição das técnicas utilizadas. A conclusão foi de que a técnica de transplante capilar em duas etapas, com transplante prévio de gordura é eficaz, segundo os artigos revisados.


We developed a narrative literature review on the association of fat grafting and hair transplantation using the Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE) technique in scalp scars. Data were collected from studies found in Medline, Lilacs, and IBECS databases. Bibliographical records of several authors who researched mesenchymal cells in adipose tissue were cited, describing the techniques used. The conclusion was that the two-stage hair transplantation technique, with previous fat transplantation, is effective, according to the reviewed articles.


Subject(s)
Humans , Association , Adipose Tissue/transplantation , Cicatrix , Hair/transplantation , Scalp/surgery
2.
Chinese Journal of Burns ; (6): 341-346, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-936016

ABSTRACT

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of three-dimensional printed preformed titanium mesh combined with latissimus dorsi muscle flap free transplantation in the treatment of wounds with skull defect after radical surgery of squamous cell carcinoma in the vertex. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted. From January 2010 to December 2019, 5 patients with squamous cell carcinoma in the vertex accompanied with skull invasion who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, including four males and one female, aged 50 to 65 years. The original lesion areas ranged from 5 cm×4 cm to 15 cm×8 cm. The titanium mesh was prefabricated via three-dimensional technic based on the result the scope of skull resection predicted with computerized tomography three-dimensional reconstruction before surgery. During the first stage, the soft tissue defect area of scalp (8 cm×7 cm to 18 cm×11 cm) after tumor enlargement resection was repaired with the preformed titanium mesh, and the titanium mesh was covered with latissimus dorsi muscle flap, with area of 10 cm×9 cm to 20 cm×13 cm. The thoracodorsal artery/vein was anastomosed with the superficial temporal artery/vein on one side. The muscle ends in the donor site were sutured together or performed with transfixion, and then the skin on the back were covered back to the donor site. On the 10th day after the first-stage surgery, the second-stage surgery was performed. The thin intermediate thickness skin graft was taken from the anterolateral thigh to cover the latissimus dorsi muscle flap. The duration and intraoperative blood loss of first-stage surgery were recorded. The postoperative muscle flap survival after the first-stage surgery and skin graft survival after the second-stage surgery was observed. The occurrence of complications, head appearance, and recurrence of tumor were followed up. Results: The average first-stage surgery duration of patients was 12.1 h, and the intraoperative blood loss was not more than 1 200 mL. The muscle flaps in the first-stage surgery and the skin grafts in the second-stage surgery all survived well. During the follow-up of 6-18 months, no complications such as exposure of titanium mesh or infection occurred, with good shape in the recipient sites in the vertex, and no recurrence of tumor. Conclusions: Three-dimensional printed preformed titanium mesh combined with latissimus dorsi muscle flap free transplantation and intermediate thickness skin graft cover is an effective and reliable method for repairing the wound with skull defect after extended resection of squamous cell carcinoma in the vertex. This method can cover the wound effectively as well as promote both recipient and donor sites to obtain good function and appearance.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Perforator Flap , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Scalp/surgery , Skin Transplantation , Skull/surgery , Soft Tissue Injuries/surgery , Superficial Back Muscles/surgery , Surgical Mesh , Titanium , Treatment Outcome
3.
Chinese Journal of Burns ; (6): 251-255, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-936002

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of in situ perforation of preserved split scar matrix in combination with scalp transplantation and vacuum sealing drainage in the treatment of hypertrophic scar in non-functional sites after burns. Methods: A retrospective observational study was used. From June 2017 to June 2019, 33 patients (24 males and 9 females, aged 8-50 years) who met the inclusion criteria with hypertrophic scars in non-functional sites outside the face after burns were treated in General Hospital of TISCO (the Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University). All patients underwent scalp transplantation after perforation of retained split scar matrix in situ (with scar thinning area of 90-500 cm2), and then the vacuum sealing drainage was performed. The hematoma and infection of wounds were observed on the 7th day after operation. At the same time, the survival rate of skin grafting was observed and calculated. The flatness and thickness of the scar in the operative area were observed in 12 months after operation, and the itching and pain of the patients were recorded. Vancouver Scar Scale was used to score the scar of patients before operation and at 3, 6 and 12 months after operation. The healing time and hair growth of donor site were observed. Data were statistically analyzed with repeated analysis of variance, paired sample t test and bonferroni correction. Results: On the 7th day after operation, local subcutaneous hematoma appeared in the wound of 2 patients, which healed after dressing change; no infection occurred. On the 7th day after operation, the survival rate of skin grafting of patients was 94.6%-99.0%(96.8±1.2)%. Scar flatness was well, the thickness of scar was not significantly higher than that of normal skin in 12 months after operation, and the symptoms of itching pain of patients disappeared or significantly relieved. Vancouver Scar Scale scores of patients before operation and at 3, 6, and 12 months after operation were 12.1±2.8, 8.5±1.5, 7.6±1.6, 6.7±1.3, respectively, and the scores of 3, 6, and 12 months after operation were all significantly lower than that before operation (with t values of 4.48, 4.06, and 3.97, respectively, P<0.01). All the donor sites of the head healed well in 4-7 days after operation. By 3-6 months after operation, all patients had good hair growth in the donor site and achieved no scar healing. Conclusions: The treatment of hypertrophic scar in non-functional sites outside the face after burns by in situ perforation of preserved split scar matrix in combination with scalp transplantation and vacuum sealing drainage can effectively improve the appearance of hypertrophic scar in non-functional areas after burn and reduce its degree of hyperplasia, with scar-free donor site healing.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Burns/surgery , Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/surgery , Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy , Scalp/surgery , Skin Transplantation
4.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 34(4): 561-566, oct.-dec. 2019. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1047928

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O couro cabeludo é uma área de difícil reconstrução devido à sua pouca elasticidade e por sobrepor-se a uma estrutura rígida e convexa. Existem diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas para reparação dos defeitos, que podem ser produto de diversas etiologias, como: traumas, deformidades e consequência de doenças, principalmente oncológicas, como é o caso do paciente apresentada neste trabalho. O angiossarcoma cutâneo é um tumor vascular maligno raro e extremamente agressivo, que afeta principalmente idosos. É caracterizado clinicamente pelo aparecimento de placas eritêmato-violáceas e de rápida evolução. O tratamento depende da extensão da doença. A maioria dos casos são tratados com ampla ressecção cirúrgica e reconstrução. O objetivo é relatar um caso de reconstrução de grande defeito do couro cabeludo depois de uma dissecção oncológica, realizado no Hospital Central do Exército (HCE) - RJ. Métodos: O caso foi tratado com enxerto autólogo e uso de matriz dérmica, em 2 tempos cirúrgicos, até a total cobertura da área lesionada. Resultados: Obteve-se resultado satisfatório após as cirurgias de enxertia de pele na área ressecada. Conclusão: O enxerto autólogo, juntamente a matriz dérmica mostrou-se uma opção viável na reconstrução do couro cabeludo.


Introduction: It is difficult to reconstruct the scalp due to its poor elasticity and presence of layers over a rigid convex structure. Different surgical techniques are used to repair defects that may develop due to several etiologies, such as trauma, deformities, and disease sequelae, especially cancer, as noted in the present case. Cutaneous angiosarcoma, a rare and extremely aggressive malignant vascular tumor that mainly develops in elderly individuals, is clinically characterized by the onset of rapidly evolving erythematous purple plaques. The treatment depends on disease extent. Most patients are treated with wide surgical resection and reconstruction. The objective is to report a case of reconstruction of a major scalp defect after an oncologic dissection performed at the Hospital Central do Exército in Rio de Janeiro. Methods: An autologous graft and dermal matrices were applied during two surgical periods till the damaged area was fully covered. Results: Satisfactory results were obtained after performing skin grafting surgery in the resected area. Conclusion: The autologous graft and dermal matrix proved to be a viable option for scalp reconstruction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , History, 21st Century , Rehabilitation , Scalp , Skin Neoplasms , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Hemangiosarcoma , Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue , Rehabilitation/methods , Rehabilitation/psychology , Scalp/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/therapy , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Hemangiosarcoma/surgery , Hemangiosarcoma/therapy , Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue/surgery , Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue/therapy
5.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 71(4): 345-351, ago. 2019. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058283

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Presentar 4 casos clínicos en los cuales el uso de dermis artificial Integra® resultó ser una solución segura y confiable para defectos de cuero cabelludo. Materiales y Método: Revisión de fichas clínicas de pacientes ingresados al Departamento de Cirugía Plástica y Quemados del Hospital del Trabajador de Santiago con diagnóstico de lesión traumática extensa de cuero cabelludo entre los años 2005-2013 que se resolvieron con uso de Integra®. Resultados: 4 pacientes de sexo femenino con lesión traumática que comprometían entre 70-98% de la superficie de cuero cabelludo, tiempo promedio entre aplicación de Integra® e injerto dermoepidérmico fue 18 días con 100% de cobertura; solo hubo complicaciones menores (ulceración crónica de vertex y dolor neuropático). El tiempo promedio de alta laboral fue 368 días, usando órtesis capilar. Discusión: La cobertura inmediata del tejido es fundamental para la reconstrucción exitosa del cuero cabelludo. Aparte del tejido autólogo, la dermis artificial constituye una alternativa para la reconstrucción rápida del cuero cabelludo con excelentes resultados. Conclusiones: Integra® es una solución segura y confiable para reconstruir defectos complejos del cuero cabelludo.


Aim: To present 4 clinical cases in which the use of artificial dermis (Integra®) turned out to be a safe and reliable solution for scalp defects. Materials and Method: review of clinical records of patients admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns of the Hospital of the Worker of Santiago with a diagnosis of extensive traumatic injury of the scalp between the years 2005-2013 that were resolved with use of Integra®. Results: 4 female patients with traumatic injury that compromised between 70-95% of the surface of scalp, average time between application of integra and dermoepidermal graft was 18 days with 100% coverage; there were only minor complications (chronic vertex ulceration and neuropathic pain). The average time of high labor was 368 days, using capillary orthosis. Discussion: The immediate coverage of the tissue is essential for the successful reconstruction of the scalp. Apart from autologous tissue, the artificial dermis is an alternative for rapid reconstruction of the scalp with excellent results. Conclusions: Integra is a safe and reliable solution to reconstruct complex defects of the scalp.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Scalp/surgery , Scalp/injuries , Skin Transplantation/methods , Skin, Artificial , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Degloving Injuries/surgery
6.
An. bras. dermatol ; 94(4): 452-454, July-Aug. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038305

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Proliferating trichilemmal cyst is an uncommon neoplasm arising from the follicular isthmus, whose histopathological hallmark is the presence of trichilemmal keratinization. We describe a case of proliferating trichilemmal cyst in a 57-year-old woman with a broad clinical, radiological, macroscopic and microscopic correlation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Scalp/pathology , Scalp/diagnostic imaging , Epidermal Cyst/pathology , Epidermal Cyst/diagnostic imaging , Scalp/surgery , Ultrasonography , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Diagnosis, Differential , Epidermal Cyst/surgery
7.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 32(3): 435-440, jul.-set. 2017.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-868297

ABSTRACT

O tratamento de grandes defeitos no couro cabeludo permanece um desafio, a despeito de muitas opções terapêuticas. De acordo com a localização, tamanho e profundidade da lesão, assim como características do paciente, o cirurgião plástico poderá optar dentre inúmeras técnicas com graus variados de complexidade, como enxertos de pele, expansores teciduais, retalhos locais ou livres, entre outras. A microcirurgia revolucionou a cirurgia plástica reparadora e se configura como padrão ouro de tratamento em casos complexos, no entanto, está disponível apenas nos grandes centros. Observando essa limitação, devemos nos ater ao preceito da escada reconstrutora, que prioriza uso da técnica mais simples possível e também deve ser aplicada em casos de ferimentos de escalpo. Nesse artigo demonstramos, em um caso de traumatismo numa menina de 4 anos de idade com perda de aproximadamente um terço do escalpo incluindo áreas de pericrânio, que é possível a reconstrução do couro cabeludo com a rotação de um retalho supragaleal seguida de enxertia de pele parcial sobre a gálea. Essa é uma técnica reprodutível e com curta curva de aprendizado, sendo uma opção bastante interessante para esses casos.


The treatment of large scalp defects remains a big challenge, even though several therapeutic options are available. According to localization, size and depth of injury, and patient's characteristics, the plastic surgeon may use techniques such as skin graft, tissue expanders, local or free flaps. Microsurgery has revolutionized reconstructive plastic surgery and is the gold standard for more complex cases. However, it is available only in large centers. Using the simplest technique is a broadly accepted concept that should be applied to scalp wounds as well. In this paper, we report a case of trauma of a 4 year-old child who lost approximate one third of the scalp including pericranium areas, that it is possible to reconstruct the scalp by rotating a supragaleal flap followed by a skin graft over the galea. This is an easily reproducible technique with a short learning curve, and therefore is an interesting option for large scalp injuries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , History, 21st Century , Scalp , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Scalp/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods
8.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 62(9): 828-830, Dec. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829550

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the scalp are rare lesions. The clinical picture presents with complaints of increased scalp, scalp disfigurement, pain and neurological symptoms. Its origin can be congenital or traumatic. We present a case of giant scalp AVMs and its management, followed by a brief literature review on the subject. The diagnosis of scalp AVMs is based on physical examination and confirmed by internal and external carotid angiography or computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Surgical excision is especially effective in scalp AVMs, and is the most frequently used treatment modality.


RESUMO Malformações arteriovenosas (MAV) do couro cabeludo são lesões raras. O quadro clínico apresenta-se com queixas de aumento do couro cabeludo, desfiguração do couro cabeludo, dor e sintomas neurológicos. A origem pode ser congênita ou traumática. Apresentamos um caso de MAV gigante de couro cabeludo e o tratamento adotado, seguindo-se uma breve revisão da literatura. O diagnóstico das MAV de couro cabeludo baseia-se no exame físico e é confirmado pela angiografia carótida interna e externa ou angiografia por tomografia computadorizada. A excisão cirúrgica é especialmente eficaz em MAV de couro cabeludo e é a modalidade de tratamento mais frequentemente utilizada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Arteriovenous Malformations/surgery , Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnostic imaging , Scalp/blood supply , Scalp/abnormalities , Scalp/surgery , Photography , Computed Tomography Angiography
9.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 43(6): 452-457, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-842618

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the immediate reconstruction of face and scalp after canine bites in children. Methods: we conducted a prospective series of cases treated at the Emergency Unit of the Asa Norte Regional Hospital, Brasília - DF, from January 1999 to December 2014. At the time of patient admission to the emergency, the primary wound closure of the face and scalp bite was performed, regardless of the time or day of the event. The primary treatment of the bites was by means of direct suture, flaps rotation or grafting, depending on the type of wound and surgeon's decision. Results: the study comprised 146 children, with the zygomatic region and scalp being the main sites of head bites. All patients received surgical treatment within the first 24 hours after admission. There were no infectious complications in the cases studied. Conclusion: the findings suggest that the immediate closure of canine bites on the face and scalp in children is safe, even when carried out several hours after injury.


RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a conduta de reconstrução imediata de face e couro cabeludo após mordedura canina em crianças. Métodos: série prospectiva de casos atendidos na Unidade de Emergência do Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Brasília/DF, no período de janeiro de 1999 até dezembro de 2014. No momento da admissão do paciente à emergência, foi realizado o fechamento primário da ferida proveniente de mordedura em face e couro cabeludo, independente da hora ou dia da agressão. O tratamento primário das mordeduras foi realizado por meio de sutura direta, retalhos ou enxerto, conforme o tipo da ferida e da decisão do cirurgião. Resultados: o estudo compreendeu 146 crianças, sendo que a região zigomática e o couro cabeludo foram os principais sítios das mordeduras na cabeça. Todos os pacientes receberam tratamento cirúrgico dentro das primeiras 24 horas após a admissão. Não houve complicações infecciosas nos casos estudados. Conclusão: os achados sugerem que o fechamento imediato das mordeduras caninas em face e couro cabeludo em crianças é seguro, mesmo quando realizado várias horas após a lesão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Child , Dogs , Scalp/surgery , Surgical Flaps , Bites and Stings , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Scalp/injuries , Prospective Studies , Emergency Service, Hospital , Facial Injuries
10.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 30(3): 103-107, ago. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-982822

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cierre de cuero cabelludo en neurocirugías supratentoriales mediante sutura intradérmica es una técnica poco difundida en la actualidad. En contraste, es común que se efectúen suturas de alta tensión con el fin de evitar dehiscencias, fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) y sangrado durante el período posquirúrgico, pero que no tienen buen resultado estético. Objetivo: Comparar las complicaciones relacionadas al cierre de cuero cabelludo que se presentaron en neurocirugías supratentoriales en un período de 19 meses, para determinar si utilizar un cierre de menor tensión y con mejor resultado estético, es igual de seguro que las técnicas de cierre habituales. Materiales y Métodos: Se incluyeron 84 casos de neurocirugías supratentoriales electivas. En 43 casos (control) se realizó el cierre mediante sutura continua tipo surget y en 41 casos (experimental) el cierre fue mediante sutura intradérmica. Resultados: Se presentaron 2 casos de infecciones, 1 en cada grupo (p= 0,97) y 1 caso de sangrado en el grupo control (p= 0,32). No se presentaron dehiscencias ni casos de fístula de LCR. Conclusiones: El cierre de cuero cabelludo mediante sutura intradérmica fue un método seguro que no generó una mayor incidencia de complicaciones y logró un mejor resultado estético a corto y largo plazo.


Background: Scalp closure by means of intradermal suture in patients who underwent supratentorial neurosurgeries is currently an uncommon technique. In contrast, it is usual to perform high tension sutures to avoid skin dehiscence, cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF) and postoperative bleeding; however it usually results in unsatisfactory aesthetic results. Aim: Comparing complications, over a two year period, related to scalp closure occurred in supratentorial neurosurgeries. The goal is to establish if the intradermal suture is as safe as the current high tension closure technique.Materials and Methods: Eighty-four patients were included. In forty-three cases (control) continuous high tension suture (surget) was performed. The other forty-one cases (experimental) underwent intradermal suture. Results: Two infection cases occurred, one from each group (p= 0, 97). There was one case of bleeding that took place in the control group (p= 0,32). Neither dehiscence nor CSF leak occurred in any of the trial cases.Conclusions: Intradermal suture performed for scalp closure was as safe as surget in terms of complications occurrence and obtained better cosmetic results in the short and long term.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Fistula , Neurosurgery , Scalp , Scalp/surgery , Surgery, Plastic , Surgical Wound Infection
11.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 31(1): 101-104, jan.-mar. 2016. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1547

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O carcinoma triquilemal (CT) é uma neoplasia rara dos anexos cutâneos. Foi descrito pela primeira vez em 1968, como tricoleptocarcinoma, e tem incidência de 0,05% em pacientes submetidos a exame histopatológico após excisão de lesões cutâneas. Parece ser um tumor de baixa agressividade, porém, relatos na literatura colocam em dúvida tal comportamento indolente. OBJETIVOS: Oferecer uma atualização sobre manejo e prognóstico do CT. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa no PubMed e SciELO com os termos MeSH "trichilemmal carcinoma", "tricholemmal carcinoma", "adnexal skin tumor", "carcinoma triquilemal". RESULTADOS: Devido a sua raridade, a maior parte da literatura se baseia em relatos de caso, os quais na sua maioria corroboram a natureza indolente da doença. Excisão cirúrgica é o tratamento preconizado, com baixo risco de recidiva e baixa morbimortalidade. CONCLUSÃO: O comportamento da lesão e as condutas no tratamento do CT baseiam-se em casos isolados ou de pequenas séries de casos. Devido a sua baixa prevalência, uma colaboração multicêntrica agrupando um maior número de casos pode ajudar a definir melhor recomendações de tratamento, fisiopatologia e prognóstico. Excisão cirúrgica continua a ser o padrão-ouro de tratamento, com baixo risco de recidiva.


INTRODUCTION: Trichilemmal carcinoma (TC) is a rare neoplasm of skin appendages. It was first described in 1968 as tricoleptocarcinoma, and has an incidence of 0.05% in patients subjected to histopathological examination after excision of cutaneous lesions. TC has an indolent clinical course ; however, reports in the literature put in doubt this indolent behavior. OBJECTIVES: To provide an update on the management and prognosis of TC. METHODS:A search of the PubMed and SciELO databases by using with the MeSH terms "trichilemmal carcinoma", "tricholemmal carcinoma", "adnexal skin tumor", and "carcinoma triquilemal" was performed. RESULTS: Owing to the rarity of TC, most studies were case reports, which essentially corroborate the indolent nature of the disease. Surgical excision is the recommended treatment, and is associated with a low risk of recurrence and low morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSION: The behavior of the lesion and the procedure of treatment of TC are based on isolated cases or in a small series of cases. Because of its low prevalence, a multicenter collaboration of a greater number of cases can help define the best treatment recommendations, pathophysiology, and prognosis. Surgical excision remains the gold standard of treatment, and is associated with a low risk of recurrence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , History, 21st Century , Prognosis , Scalp , Skin Neoplasms , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Wounds and Injuries , Review , Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage , Carcinoma, Skin Appendage , Rare Diseases , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Medical Oncology , Scalp/surgery , Scalp/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Wounds and Injuries/pathology , Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage/surgery , Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage/pathology , Carcinoma, Skin Appendage/surgery , Rare Diseases/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Medical Oncology/methods
12.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 31(2): 229-234, 2016.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A região cefálica está exposta a insultos de ordem variada por parte do meio ambiente. As lesões extensas no couro cabeludo representam um grande desafio ao cirurgião plástico devido à pouca mobilidade da pele nesta região, o que dificulta o seu fechamento. Uma grande variedade de técnicas tem sido utilizada para o fechamento de defeitos no couro cabeludo e na fronte. A técnica ideal deve visar o melhor resultado funcional, estético e baixa morbidade do sítio doador. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo clínico retrospectivo no período de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2014, de uma série de 22 casos com tumores avançados do couro cabeludo e da fronte e perda cutânea extensa pós-trauma. RESULTADOS: Foram realizados 11 retalhos locais de couro cabeludo (bi ou tripediculados), três retalhos coronais da fronte e oito retalhos livres. Houve um caso de perda parcial tardia de um retalho livre pós-radioterapia. CONCLUSÃO: Diferentes técnicas para a reconstrução do couro cabeludo e da fronte são possíveis, cada caso deve ser avaliado individualmente. Os retalhos apresentados foram considerados seguros e com pouca morbidade da área doadora. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios e estão de acordo com a literatura analisada.


INTRODUCTION: The cephalic region is exposed to various insults from the environment. Extensive lesions in the scalp are a great challenge for plastic surgeons, because the low mobility of the skin in this region hampers its closure. A great variety of techniques have been used to close defects on the scalp and forehead. Ideally, scalp closure should provide a better functional and aesthetic outcome, as well as low morbidity at the donor site. METHODS: From January 2006 to December 2014, we performed a retrospective clinical study involving a series of 22 patients with advanced tumors of the scalp or forehead, or with extensive post-trauma skin loss. RESULTS: Reconstructive surgeries with 11 local scalp flaps (bi- or tri-pedicled), three coronal forehead flaps, and eight free flaps were performed. One patient experienced late partial loss of a free flap after radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: Various techniques can be used to reconstruct the scalp and forehead; each case should be assessed individually. The present study indicated that flaps are safe and that they confer low morbidity at the donor area. These results were satisfactory and in agreement with the literature analyzed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , History, 21st Century , Scalp , Surgical Flaps , Wounds and Injuries , Retrospective Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Clinical Study , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Microsurgery , Neck , Scalp/surgery , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Head , Head/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Microsurgery/methods , Neck/surgery
13.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 30(4): 603-608, sep.-dec. 2015. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os tumores avançados de cabeça e pescoço ainda têm elevada prevalência no Brasil. A reconstrução de um defeito resultante de ressecção craniofacial é um desafio para o cirurgião plástico. Os retalhos livres são a primeira escolha para essas reconstruções e os retalhos locorregionais têm sido utilizados em casos selecionados. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar uma série de reconstruções com retalhos locorregionais em pacientes submetidos a ressecções oncológicas craniofaciais, demonstrando a aplicabilidade desses retalhos e o resultado final das reconstruções. Métodos: Foram avaliadas, retrospectivamente, quatro reconstruções craniofaciais com retalhos locorregionais de fronte e couro cabeludo. Os pacientes foram operados no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (HC-UFPE) e assinaram termo de consentimento permitindo a publicação científica de suas fotos e casos clínicos. Resultados: Todas as reconstruções foram bem sucedidas. Não ocorreram casos de infecção local ou meningite, necrose do retalho, fístulas liquóricas ou deiscências. As reconstruções com retalhos locorregionais apresentadas foram seguras e simples para reconstruir defeitos extensos em região craniofacial. Conclusões: Os cirurgiões plásticos podem realizar reconstruções complexas com estes retalhos, demonstrando que ainda há espaço para este tipo de reconstrução.


Introduction: Advanced tumors of the head and neck still have a high prevalence in Brazil. Reconstructing a defect resulting from a craniofacial resection is a challenge for the plastic surgeon. Free flaps are the first choice for these reconstructions, and locoregional flaps have been used in selected cases. The objective of this study was to evaluate a number of reconstructions with locoregional flaps in patients undergoing craniofacial oncologic resection, to demonstrate the applicability of these flaps and the end result of the reconstructions. Methods: We retrospectively studied four craniofacial reconstructions with locoregional flaps on the forehead and scalp. The patients were operated at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Pernambuco. They signed a consent form allowing the scientific publication of their photographs and clinical case records. Results: All reconstructions were successful. There were no cases of local infection or meningitis, flap necrosis, liquor fistula, or dehiscence. Reconstructions with locoregional flaps were safe and simple to perform for extensive defects in the craniofacial region. Conclusions: Plastic surgeons can perform complex reconstructions with locoregional flaps, demonstrating that there is still room for this type of reconstruction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , History, 21st Century , Scalp , Skull Neoplasms , Surgical Flaps , Carcinoma, Basal Cell , Retrospective Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Head , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Neck , Scalp/surgery , Skull Neoplasms/surgery , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/surgery , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Head/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Neck/surgery
14.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 28(3): 490-492, jul.-set. 2013. tab, ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-776126

ABSTRACT

Full-thickness scalp defects exposing the skull can be challenging for plastic surgeons. Scalp skin has low elasticity, so a large flap is necessary to cover even a small defect. This article presents 9 cases in which 3 rhomboid flaps were used for the c1osure of scalp defects. One patient experienced flap necrosis and required reoperation. Two other patients had minor complications treated with dressing. The method presented here in allows the harvest of 3 small flaps that collectively cover the defect as well as the primary closure of the donor area. This technique does not require the creation of a large fiap or skin graft from the donor. Thus, the technique described here in is suitable for medium-thickness scalp defects and is a good alternative to large rotation fiaps and skin grafts.


Defeitos no couro cabeludo podem ser um desafio para os cirurgiões plásticos quando afetam sua espessura total e deixam o crânio exposto. O couro cabeludo tem pouca elasticidade,assim um grande retalho é necessário para cobrir um defeito pequeno. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar 9 casos em que 3 retalhos romboides foram utilizados para o fechamento de defeitos no couro cabeludo. Um paciente apresentou necrose do retalho e foi necessária reoperação. Dois outros pacientes tiveram complicações menores, que foram tratadas com curativos. O método apresentado permite a confecção de 3 pequenos retalhos que em conjunto cobrem o defeito, e as áreas doadoras são fechadas primariamente. Com a utilização da técnica descrita, a confecção de um retalho grande e a enxertia de pele da área doadora não são necessárias. Neste artigo é descrita uma técnica para fechamento de defeitos de tamanho moderado no couro cabeludo, que é uma boa alternativa a grandes retalhos de rotação ou enxerto de pele.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Scalp/surgery , Scalp/injuries , Surgical Flaps , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Skin Transplantation/methods , Methods , Patients , Methods
15.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 28(2): 307-309, abr.-jun. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-702622

ABSTRACT

A reconstrução do couro cabeludo, além do propósito de manutenção da forma, é de fundamental importância para a integridade do arcabouço ósseo, com o objetivo de proteção do sistema nervoso central. No presente trabalho, é descrito o caso de uma criança de 1 ano e 5 meses de idade, com lesão de espessura total do couro cabeludo, presença de áreas de isquemia na região da calota craniana após infecção e ausência de periósteo. Foram realizados, em regime de urgência, desbridamento da lesão, lavagem com soro fisiológico a 9% e curativo com pomada de sulfadiazina de prata, durante dois dias. Posteriormente, o paciente foi levado ao centro cirúrgico para realização de múltiplas microperfurações da tábua externa do crânio. Foi realizado curativo com gaze raiom embebida em emulsão de petrolatum, que foi retirada no sétimo dia de pós-operatório, acompanhado de cobertura antibiótica. Finalmente, no décimo dia de pós-operatório, foi realizado enxerto de pele parcial, com obtenção de resultado estético satisfatório.


Scalp reconstruction aims to achieve an appropriate appearance and is fundamentally important to the integrity of the skeletal structure to protect the central nervous system. The present work describes the case of a child aged 1 year and 5 months with a total-thickness lesion of the scalp presenting with ischemic areas in the cranial calotte and absence of periosteum after infection. The lesion was urgently debrided, washed with 9% normal saline, and dressed with silver sulfadiazine ointment for 2 days. The patient was subsequently transferred to the surgical center, and multiple perforations were made in the outer table of the skull. A dressing was made with rayon gauze soaked with petrolatum emulsion and removed 7 days after the surgery accompanied by antibiotic administration. Finally, 10 days after surgery, split-thickness skin grafting was performed, and satisfactory aesthetic results were obtained.


Subject(s)
Cricetinae , Scalp/surgery , Scalp/injuries , Skull/surgery , Brain Ischemia/surgery , Postoperative Care , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Esthetics , Methods , Patients
16.
17.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 28(1): 156-164, jan.-mar. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-687364

ABSTRACT

Queda de cabelo, seja parcial ou completa, é causa de preocupação significativa para homens e mulheres, que a veem como um sinal inestético e visível de envelhecimento. Avanços e refinamentos das técnicas culminaram na introdução de megassessões de microenxertos e minienxertos. Essa técnica se tornou amplamente aceita como um procedimento simples e seguro, que recria as linhas randômicas naturais do cabelo. Os folículos pilosos foram retirados da área cervical posterior, onde 500 a 1.500 unidades foliculares podem ser obtidas. A área calva foi implantada através de incisões de lâmina nº 11. Após o procedimento, gaze umedecida em solução salina foi aplicada sobre a área implantada por 24 horas. Os pontos foram removidos no 7º dia de pós-operatório. O resultado final foi obtido 8 meses a 12 meses após o procedimento, em homens, e 12 meses a 14 meses, em mulheres. Nos pacientes em que um segundo procedimento foi necessário, este foi realizado 1 ano após o transplante inicial. A qualidade e a força do cabelo transplantado permanecem em alguns pacientes por tempo indeterminado, em decorrência de características particulares, como alta qualidade histológica da área doadora, hereditariedade, hormônios e envelhecimento. A cirurgia de transplante capilar demonstra que o uso de fatores de crescimento plaquetário autólogo pode melhorar a densidade capilar. Esse processo oferece uma nova perspectiva ao transplante capilar, representando uma contribuição importante para a cirurgia de implante com megassessões de unidades foliculares.


Hair loss, whether partial or complete, is a cause of significant concern to both men and women, and is viewed as unaesthetic and a visible sign of aging. Advances and refinements in hair restoration techniques have culminated in the introduction of micrograft and minigraft megasessions. This technique has become widely accepted as a simple and safe procedure that recreates natural random-pattern hairlines. The hair follicles are harvested from the posterior cervical area, where 500 to 1500 follicular units can be obtained. Implantation in the bald area is performed via punctiform incisions using the No. 11 blade. After the procedure, gauze moistened in saline solution is applied over the implanted area for 24 hours. The stitches are removed on the 7th postoperative day. The final result is visible after 8 to 12 months in men and after 12 to 14 months in women. If an additional procedure is necessary, this can be performed 1 year after the initial transplantation. The quality and strength of the implanted hair persists for an indefinite period in some patients because of 1 the following particular characteristics: high histological quality of the donor area, heredity, hormones, or aging. This article also addresses the role of platelet-rich plasma growth factors in surgical treatment of male and female pattern baldness. The results of hair transplant surgery suggest that the use of autologous platelet growth factors improves capillary density. This offers a new perspective on hair transplantation and is an important contribution to implantation surgery with follicular unit megasessions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Scalp , Sebaceous Glands , Surgery, Plastic , Hair Follicle , Alopecia , Hair , Scalp/surgery , Sebaceous Glands/surgery , Sebaceous Glands/transplantation , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Hair Follicle/surgery , Hair Follicle/transplantation , Alopecia/surgery , Hair/transplantation
18.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 28(4): 592-597, july-sept. 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-778834

ABSTRACT

The hair transplant evolved greatly in the past two decades primarily by the use of microscopes to make follicular units. The use of Micro blades is another step to reduce the surgical trauma and increase the naturalness of the result. Coronal incisions help to maintain the correct directionof hair placed. The goal of this work is to show our experience with the use of blades 0.7 to 1 mm in diameter, with coronal incisions for hair transplantatiQn. Method: We evaluated 131 consecutive surgeries from June 2011 to June 2012, in which all patients operated on by the some surgeon with the use of microblades 0.7 to 1 mm wide using coronal incisions. Results: The postoperative results were considered satisfacfory by the patients and the surgical team. Conclusion: The use of small blades with coronal incisions helps to give more density with little surgical trauma. The results were considered natural with good cosmetic density...


O transplante capilar evoluiu muito nas últimas duas décadas, principalmente com o uso de microscópios para lapidar unidades foliculares. A utilização de microlâminas é mais um avanço para diminuir o trauma cirúrgico e aumentar a naturalidade do resultado. As incisões coronais ajudam a manter a direção correta dos cabelos colocados. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar nossa experiência com o uso de lâminas de 0.7 a 1 mm de diâmetro, com incisões coronais para o transplante capilar. Método: Foram avaliadas 131 cirurgias consecutivas de junho de 2011 a junho de 2012, em que todos os pacientes foram operados pelo mesmo cirurgião, com o uso de microlâminas de 0.7 a 1 mm de largura utilizando a técnica coronal para a incisão. Resultados: Os resultados pós-operatórios foram considerados satisfatórios pelos pacientes e pela equipe cirúrgica. Conclusão: O uso de lâminas pequenas nas incisões coronárias promove maior densidade com pouco trauma cirúrgico. Os resultados foram considerados naturais com boa densidade cosmética...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Scalp/surgery , Hair Follicle/transplantation , Surgical Instruments , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Methods , Patient Satisfaction , Patients , Scalp
19.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 27(2): 227-237, abr.-jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-648492

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Neoplasias malignas extensas em couro cabeludo e fronte tornam-se um desafio para o cirurgião plástico, em decorrência das particularidades anatômicas da região. Apesar da existência de muitas técnicas para o reparo dos defeitos, a reconstrução ideal depende da avaliação criteriosa de cada caso clínico e tem por finalidade alcançar o melhor resultado, tanto funcional como estético, com mínima morbidade no sítio doador. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar uma série de pacientes submetidos a reconstrução imediata após ressecção oncológica em couro cabeludo e fronte, demonstrando tática pessoal e experiência do autor. MÉTODO: Trata-se de análise retrospectiva de 25 pacientes operados no período de junho de 2009 a junho de 2011, submetidos a reconstrução de couro cabeludo e da fronte após tratamento de câncer de pele avançado dessa região. Foram estudados os seguintes parâmetros: sexo, idade, diagnóstico, estadiamento clínico, localização e dimensão do defeito, tática de reparo, complicações e estado clínico atual. RESULTADOS: Amostra composta de 25 pacientes, sendo 60% homens, com média de idade de 64,8 anos. O estádio clínico III foi o mais frequente (88%), o diagnóstico de maior incidência foi o de carcinoma espinocelular (84%) e a região biparietal foi a localização mais atingida (20%). O tamanho dos defeitos variou de 3,8 cm x 3,5 cm a 22,9 cm x 15 cm. A técnica de reparo mais utilizada (80%) foi a confecção de retalho local. Ocorreram 2 (8%) casos de necrose parcial do retalho e 1 (4%) caso de perda parcial do enxerto. Todos os pacientes estão vivos, dos quais apenas um apresenta sinais de neoplasia maligna em atividade (recidiva tumoral e fora de possibilidade terapêutica). Quanto aos aspectos funcional e estético, tanto o autor como os pacientes consideram o resultado bom. CONCLUSÕES: Na literatura internacional, são descritas várias técnicas de reconstrução do couro cabeludo. Na maioria dos casos com grande perda de tecidos moles, os retalhos microcirúrgicos são as opções mais aceitas. A reconstrução com retalhos locais de avanço constitui opção bastante segura e apresenta resultados favoráveis, com realização técnica mais simples e taticamente ideal para aqueles casos limítrofes de operabilidade.


BACKGROUND: The anatomical peculiarities of extensive malignant neoplasms of the scalp and forehead remain a challenge for plastic surgeons. Although several procedures for repair of these defects have been described, the ideal reconstruction relies on careful assessment of each clinical case and aims to achieve the best functional and aesthetic outcome with minimal morbidity of the donor area. The aim of this study is to evaluate a series of patients who underwent immediate reconstruction following scalp and forehead tumor resection, in order to demonstrate the personal technique and experience of the author. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 25 patients who underwent scalp and forehead reconstruction between June 2009 and June 2011 following treatment for advanced skin cancer. The following parameters were studied: gender, age, diagnosis, clinical staging, location and size of the defect, repair strategy, complications, and current clinical status. RESULTS: Of the 25 patients, 60% were men; the average age was 64.8 years. Patients most frequently presented in clinical stage III (88%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common tumor (84%) and the biparietal region was the most commonly affected area (20%). The size of the defects varied from 3.8 cm × 3.5 cm to 22.9 cm × 15 cm. The reconstructive procedure used most often (80%) relies on the production of a local flap. Two (8%) cases of partial flap necrosis and 1 case (4%) of partial graft loss were noted. All patients are still alive and only one shows signs of proliferative malignant neoplasm (tumor recurrence without treatment options). With regard to functional and aesthetic aspects, both the author and the patients considered the results obtained to be satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: In the literature, a variety of procedures for scalp reconstruction have already been described. In patients with extensive loss of soft tissues, microsurgical flaps are the most commonly used option. Reconstruction with a local advancement flap is a safe technique, provides satisfactory results, and is performed with a simple technical procedure. It therefore may be ideal for borderline-operable patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Scalp/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Skin Neoplasms , Surgery, Plastic , Surgical Flaps , Esthetics , Methods , Reference Standards , Patients , Retrospective Studies
20.
Rev. chil. cir ; 64(2): 161-168, abr. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627093

ABSTRACT

Background: The scalp is the most external and important barrier of the skull and brain. Its burns are often caused by high voltage injuries, fire, liquid or other heat sources. Aim: To report a series of cases of scalp burns seen during the last 10 years. Material and Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of patients that required hospital admission with a main diagnosis of scalp burn. Results: There were 2.266 consultations for head burns. Of these, 34 patients consulted with scalp burns and 11 were hospitalized. Four were due to electrical burns and four due to fire. As treatment in one case, a free flap was used but failed and required local advancement flaps. For the management of sequelae, expanders and then local advancement flaps were used. Conclusions: Only a small proportion of patients presenting with head burns, had scalp burns. Most were treated as outpatients and did not require further action. The four patients with electrical burns required more aggressive treatments. For the management the sequelae, expanders and local advancement flaps were used.


El cuero cabelludo es la barrera más externa e importante del cráneo y cerebro. Si bien, las quemaduras de éste son raras, son causadas frecuentemente por lesiones por alta tensión eléctrica, fuego, líquido u otras fuentes de calor. Objetivos: Presentar una serie de casos de quemaduras de cuero cabelludo de los últimos 10 años en el Hospital del Trabajador de Santiago y revisar la literatura de las alternativas terapéuticas. Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se analizó la información demográfica y terapéutica de los pacientes que requirieron hospitalización y se revisó la literatura. Resultados: Hubo 2.266 consultas por quemaduras de cabeza, de las cuales 34 pacientes consultaron con quemaduras del cuero cabelludo, 11 de ellos se hospitalizaron. La mayoría se debió a quemaduras eléctricas (4) y por fuego (4). En el tratamiento, destacó el uso en un caso de colgajo libre y colgajos locales de avance. En el tratamiento de secuelas, se utilizaron expansores y posteriormente colgajos locales de avance. Discusión y Conclusiones: Sólo una pequeña parte de los pacientes que consultan por quemaduras de cabeza, corresponden a quemaduras del cuero cabelludo. La mayoría fueron tratadas de manera ambulatoria y no requirieron mayores acciones. El grupo de pacientes con quemaduras eléctricas (4) requirieron tratamientos más agresivos. En el manejo de las secuelas, preferimos la utilización de expansores y colgajos de avance. Se presenta una revisión respecto a las alternativas terapéuticas para el enfrentamiento inicial del manejo de quemaduras de cuero cabelludo y manejo de sus secuelas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Scalp/surgery , Scalp/injuries , Burns/surgery , Burns, Electric/surgery , Skin Transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Tissue Expansion , Treatment Outcome
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